![]() Markman’s research has demonstrated how such thinking can exert powerful psychological effects on judgments (e.g., determining causation, influencing people’s beliefs in Free Will and Fate), emotions (e.g., upward “it could have been better” counterfactuals trigger feelings of regret, downward “it could have been worse” counterfactuals elicit feelings of relief and imbue life events with meaning), and behaviors (e.g., upward counterfactuals increase people’s effort and performance, additive “if only it HAD happened” counterfactuals enhance people’s creativity, subtractive “if only it had NOT happened” counterfactuals enhance people’s analytical thinking quality). This type of activity is referred to as “counterfactual thinking,” and Dr. ![]() Markman’s research focuses on how people imagine alternative realities. Meaning, especially as it relates to self-motives and responses to self-threats.įirst and foremost, Dr.Prospection, especially psychological momentum, but also forecasting and debiasing.Mental simulation, especially counterfactual thinking and regret, but also nostalgia, autobiographical memory, creativity, narrative transportation, and comparison processes more generally (e.g., counterfactual, social, and temporal comparisons).Professional Activities and Associations.Journal Publications and Book Chapters (full list).Invited Departmental Colloquia and Lectureships.Invited Conference Addresses and Symposia Chaired.Markman is currently accepting graduate students. in Psychology, University of Michigan (1989) Courses Taught Committees Served Researchĭr. Ph.D., Social Psychology, Indiana University (1994)ī.A.
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